It is clear that speaking is a crucial part of
the language learning process (Kayi, 2006). However, many students find
speaking as one of the most difficult skills. It was supported by Shumin (2002)
who stated that spoken language production or learning to talk in foreign
language is often considered to be one of the most difficult aspects in
language learning. Many students still cannot speak English fluently, including
the fourth semester students of Muhammadiyah University Jember (MUJ) in 2013 /
2014 academic year. Majority of the students said that the problems were lack
vocabulary, poor grammatical structure, and poor self-confident.
To overcome these problems, there were some techniques used in teaching
learning process, one of them was panel discussion (Rahman et al, 2011). In a
panel discussion class, the students are actively involved in processing
information and ideas. So, using Panel Discussion is expected to develop the
students’ ability in spoken English.
Literature Review
Panel Discussion
Definition of Panel Discussion
Abdu-Raheem (2011) stated that panel discussion is a
technique in which the teacher leads or guides the students in expressing their
opinions and ideas with a view to identifying and solving problems
collectively.
Types of Members in Panel Discussion
According to
MIER (2011), members in the Panel Discussion are moderator, panelists, and
audience.
a. Moderator
is someone who presides over a forum or debate (Hornby, 2000).
b. Panelists
are group of people who discuss topics of interest, especially on a radio,
television program, or in-class discussion (Hornby, 2000).
c. Audience
is a group of people gathered together to hear or watch something (Hornby,
2000).
Speaking Ability
Definition of Speaking
Speaking is one
of two productive skills in a language teaching. It is defined as "the
process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and
non-verbal symbols, in a variety of contexts" (Chaney cited in Kayi,
2006).
The Importance of Speaking
Speaking is the most
important and essential skill (Oradee, 2012). Oradee stated that mastery of
this skill illustrates that the speaker possesses precise knowledge of
language. Speaking capability can be measured whether a foreign language
learner is successful in learning or not.
The
Components of Speaking Ability
a.
Fluency
Fluency in speaking ability can
be obtained through students’ experience in practicing the language repeatedly.
The fluency of the students in speaking ability is not only focused on how
students produced the language fluently, but it is also necessary to consider
the appropriateness of what they want to talk, or in other words its accuracy.
b.
Accuracy
Accuracy is the state of being
exact or correct; the ability to do something skillfully without making
mistakes (Hornby, 2000). In this case, the students need to know the aspects of
the language system such as the pronunciation rules and the knowledge of
vocabularies and grammar.
1.
Pronunciation
The students should know and
identify the stress or intonation of each vocabulary.
2.
Vocabulary
To make an effective
communication, the students need to know a large number of vocabularies and
also the ability of using it.
3.
Grammar
Grammar
is one of the aspects of the language system and essential element of speaking
that relates to whether or not the students use correct form of the target
language. Through grammar we will know the way to be fluent in a language, so
that the listeners do not get difficulties to understand what they mean.
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